framework poems Nocturnes is the kingdom of Sine with its social and cultural specificities. And the poet often says these teenage love. In this largely pastoral region, the focus will be on the dusk and dawn, moments in favor of various fantasies. The study will look at the title, the general sense of the collection, composition, theme and writing poetry.
I. Significance of title
The theme of the night is often present in the texts of poets like Ronsard and Musset. The latter also wrote Nights . Senghor is therefore part of this tradition, but unlike its predecessors and Western, he has the night of feelings and sensations in his own race, and especially its culture. Overall, the night is synonymous with lack of visibility, thus concern fears and anxieties. It is the right time to nightmares. And even if this meaning of the night is not absent in Senghor, one must remember that it is often valued in African culture. Thus it a moment of tenderness, intimacy and family reunions. The night is also the time of expression of romantic feelings. Lit by the moon and the constellation, the night is friendly games for children and reflections on the universe, life, death, because it is during the night as the spirits of ancestors come to visit their homes.
night works as a sort of metaphor and refers to the color black and therefore the black man, with particular emphasis on possible suggestions and allusions. Sing the Black returns for Senghor to illustrate his fight for the recovery of his race, in blackness.
The word "Nocturnes" is an adjective, so it describes something that you know it is a plural, and the lack of qualified or words creates a kind of amazement and expectation. When reading the poems, we realize that this adjective can describe the skin of blacks, over time, but especially in a metaphorical sense.
II. Abstract
That goes without saying that the time frame for most of the poems is night. Unless of course some whose "Elegy for Aynina Fall." Otherwise the atmosphere of the night dominates the poems. Through Nocturnes, Senghor and relives revives the African realities, and sometimes the realities of the universe, focusing on culture and history. But what dominates this book is the praise of beauty, and beauty of the black girl, the "Signare" The Sope. The elegies insist more facets and cultural characteristics of the black world, because it must be remembered Senghor is in achieving its program of blackness that is' all cultural values of the black world. " "In" Elegy of Midnight, the poet traces the creative process and its meaning. The poet is buried in honor. The world praised the covers, but inside he discovered "as a Sahara, a vast emptiness" and lifeless. Again insomniac, as he was at the time of his studies in Paris, he finds no solace in books, "look at me from the depths of their eyes." Neither music nor love the rhythm of poetry can not hunt her despair. He lives a hell. The poet asks God for help. He prays for rebirth in the realm of childhood. It will patient with the patience of a peasant he always had, and he will await the dawn. It will wait for the sleep that nourishes the poet, who has nurtured poets of his people, Maone poet and the wise Koty Barma. Other elegies
evoke more conscious tension between the social role that absorbs the politician and his deep poetic me. "
III. Composition
"Songs for Signare": 21 poems, a kind of romance where the poet describes his adolescent love. That in his native region of Sine.
The first poem begins with a song by the rhythmic repetitions and refrains the black girl: "I will borrow a flute that the pace of peace herds / And all day sitting in the shade of your lashes, close to the FIML Fonaine" (p. 171), because this is after some time he has dreamed of the black girl left the country, as he says: "For this morning a light hand caressed my eyelids at night" This triggers
and his nostalgia for the "signare," the black girl, after discovering " other lands and other eyes, "and each night the same regret," I'll sleep in the dark ... in the silence of my tears / Up to this touched my milky dawn front of your mouth "(pp. 172-173). Note the night here is what recalls the African, which explains the poet's insomnia. Do not they say a woman loved it prevents us from sleeping?
From the fifth to eighth poem, the poet is quick to sing the beauty of black women, for fear one day becoming a victim of aphonia, and he said "And you regret it in the dark voice that sang burning your black beauty "and the poem for two flutes, the cantor recites:
" I've spun a song soft as a whisper Dove noon / and khalam tétracorde. with me / I've spun a song, and you have not heard. " (P. 175)
We see that every word has connotations night returns to the black girl and her beauty, "O my friend color of Africa" (p. 176) and finally identify it, "I appointed the daughter of Arfang Siga "
From the ninth poem, the poet focuses on the hospitality of the black girl, then passes into the poems according to its description with comparisons between the past and the girl daughter today. "Your face of beauty from ancient times (...) like a statue ... / You singing voice of a shadow ndeïsane ! the glory of the champion standing / In your face today in its patina black beauty of the Lord "(p. 178), mean by this that the black girl is like a goddess. Be remembered in "Black Woman," "I sing your beauty that passes, as I lay down in the eternal," he wrote. Forever describe the girl, he said "So you've stripped Flamingo Pink grace and elegance of the Slender curvy" (p. 179). Thus for the favor of women, he summoned all the wealth of Africa, the diamond, the wisdom of elders, prayers, minds, and says he is resigned almost: "Ah! I forgot Princess! to have consulted my heart-piercing walls.
In the twelfth poem on page 180, the poet criticizes the Western civilization and their company. And he insists on waiting for the girl in his country. That is why for the reassurance, he said "Signare, I sing your grace, your beauty" (p. 182)
In the poems that follow, these are the childhood memories that are flush, and he recalls his games with girls. "... We played drowned, do you remember? "Or "Was it you the Nyominka, who offered the honor of a stool," and later "Again ... I met you / your brother to Recognize your voice shakes - but well past the time for hide and seek ! "(Pp. 182-183). This girl is also that he is looking through the black girls in the Diaspora: Cuban? Priestess of Voodoo Island Bewitched, which makes it sad? Is the Caribbean Ginette Eboue's first wife?
is also the night that allows him to relive his continent the same night Maghreb, "it's our night joalienne Night" (p.186) and could be heard deep in the night "The voice of dark splendor Amante singing of the Lover" (p. 187).
Over time, the wait finally tired of the poet, and he really regrets: "This long journey my Sope / ... I hated every day a little more face east of the bride blue" (p. 179) and the end This sequence is a question about the future of the relationship between the poet and black girl.
"Song of the insider" closes this part reflecting the meaning of initiation, a passage from one life to another, that of adults.
There are five elegies discussing:
"Elegy of Midnight pp.198-200 It
question here of African realities that contrast with the European vision of the universe. The poet denounces the monotony and routine Western. "A precise mechanical and without respite, until the end of time" (p. 198) And the night the poet causing lack of manly thoughts. "Midnight" is called to love. "And I'm like a hundred meter runner, as the black stallion in rut of Mauritania" (p. 199)
"Elegy of the Circumcised" pp. 200-202
He implores the Lord to revive the kingdom. Invocation on the age of man, since circumcision is the death of childhood. It's party and dance dresses despite the circumcised.
"Elegy of Saudades" pp. 203-206
These historical realities. We learn that on the Senegalese coast, the Portuguese were the first comers, and the name of Senghor would come to them with "Senhor", "My name goes back to the source." Starting point of the celebrations of the bravery of his race: "Love: death in what is joy! Death: Rebirth in lightning "(p. 204).
"Elegy of the Waters" pp. 206-208
It's a little history of the universe that the poet calls into suggesting the wrath of God. This reminds elegy punishment by the waters of the city of Sodom and Gomorrah by fire. He also alluded to the flood waters when he talks about the third day, expressed in the preceding elegy in which he called "a forest in the flood, the mud crawling reptiles of the third day" (p. 204). The poet is a prayer to the universe, because it rains the waters are the same everywhere: "It is raining in New York on Ndyongolôr on Ndyalakhâr / It rains on Moscow and the Pompidou in Paris and suburbs on Melbourne ... "(p. 208)
" Elegy for Aynina Fall "pp. 209-215
The poem re-stages the black struggle for freedom and equality: "Elegy for Aynina Fall."
IV. Topics
We can recencer exhautivité with the themes in this poem more than ome are outlined here and find their development in other collections. Also we refer for details to Senghor's poetic works as theme for the kingdom of childhood, death, the civilization of the universal ... However we considered that some pregant are discussed below.
1. The night
It is the thread that connects all the poems thanks to the many occurrences of words and the family that night or night. Dark, darkness, shadow, shadow, darkness, black, evening, dusk, midnight, black woman. For proof, one can study the poem for jazz orchestra.
Other words connote the color as black, sleep, dream, nightmare, cloud, anxiety, fear, sadness, sorrow, mystery, started, etc.. pp. 182-183.
The night is silence, which made its mystery and the enigma that is black, because of his skin. "The enigma of gold in your smile" we read, or page 179, "Your smile asks me Enigma."
2. Women
The black woman is central to the inspiration of Nocturnes. "Signare Songbook" is up for it. Ie 21 poems for her. Read these poems back to meet the descriptions of its forms and its black color. Sometimes his moral character is painted, sometimes she sings sometimes it is sung. The poet sometimes his eulogy. "Your father was a doctor in Askias (...) The pen of your eyelashes talbe singing (...) black woman with green eyes (...) your hair faded ..." p. 183.
3. African cultural values
Nocturnes exposes traditional values and hospitality of signares dealing as it should be men of their hosts. On page 183, we note that courtesy to give sit a natural host. And the poet can not help but enjoy it while uttering "Good Signare! "(P. 189), he even adds, "Amber and gongo, fragrance near me talking." In addition to the signare was educated in the practice of religion, so the poet speaks of "Voodoo Priestess" in animist rites in Benin or the Antilles.
V. Style and rhetoric
The technique of "song" playing on rhythm and musicality dominates the poetry of Senghor. The verse form of Senghor is mixed. Borrowed from Saint-John Perse and Paul Claudel, The verse is a blend of regular and irregular towards giving the song great solemnity. Even if it respects the rules of prosody classic, one sees that he uses most often octosyllable, syllable and the Alexandrian.
processes of repetition (anaphora, parallelism ...) are also present.
Senghor combines verses processes of rehearsal, what he calls "parallels asymmetric considered one of the fundamental principles of aesthetics African Negro. The rate specific to African art is born, according to him, "rehearsals are not repeated," that is to say, in which parallels are brought to light shifts (Permutations, gradations, ellipses, ...). This is the case, for example, as a result of syllable and octosyllables and repetition in the first poem we can read. This collection also operates
figures of speech, especially metonymy dear to the academician, but especially, special treatment is accorded by the word oxymoron or alliance. The black-white alliance, the night light. So the night is for games studded black children. "And their brilliance to the rich dusk Sangomar" (p. 177) Especially the black plays with nuance, with the blue, it symbolizes happiness and peace, tranquility, and the green is wealth. Here are some examples from here and there:
"Arch qu'encercle the blue forest of your hair" (p.173)
"And I will rest in peace long blue-black
" And the smell of green rice paddies to the tabalas rumbling gallop "(p. 174)
Red represents the ground, and soon both the blood spilled on this soil. "Black White and Red oh red like the soil of Africa "(p. 178). Ideas found in the poet Aimé Césaire.
Conclusion
pace as wealth of languages and cultures of black Africa gives new meaning to the poetry and lyricism. With this book "only the rhythm causes the short circuit poetic turns copper into gold, the word into a verb", it "creates not only the melody but also the image by iterative momentum, and thus suggestive creative ". Nocturnes is we can not deny a collection for her, that is to say, the black girl, and it is Africa, Black Aesthetic, the values to be reborn.
0 comments:
Post a Comment